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Since Paul is asking a question, the translators put a question mark at the end of the sentence. Galatians 3:1 says, in Greek, “ tis hymas ebaskanen.” Literally translated, this means “who you has bewitched” in English.
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For example, a question in English is brought to an end by a question mark. The rules of grammar and syntax dictate, in most cases, what punctuation mark should be used. The three-sentence translation is not as “literal,” but the punctuation is added to aid understanding, since most English sentences are not nearly that long.Īs to how a translator decides what punctuation to use, it all goes back to grammar. For example, although Ephesians 1:3–14 is one long sentence in the Greek text, most modern English translations break it into three sentences for clarity in reading. But even these marks are not sufficient for all translation issues. Many of these clarifications are included in the edited Greek New Testament texts used today by translators to render the Bible into English and other languages. Later Greek manuscripts began to add breaks for sections used in liturgical readings as well as accent marks and punctuations. With limited supplies of paper (or papyrus), continuous writing allowed for the most text per scroll or page. Writing in this format, called continuous writing, is generally explained by the lack of paper in ancient times. INHIMWEHAVEREDEMPTIONTHROUGHHISBLOODTHEFORGIVENESSOFSINSINACCORDANCEWITHTHERICHESOFGODSGRACE Formatted in a similar way, the English translation of Ephesians 1:7 looks like this: For a native reader of those ancient languages, the breaks between words and sentences could be easily determined. In ancient Hebrew and Koine Greek, the early manuscripts not only lacked punctuation marks but also spaces between words.
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Many of these punctuation marks were later used to help create similar clarifications in English versions and other translations. Punctuation marks were also added, eventually, to aid the reader and help provide clarity. Later copies of the Old Testament Scriptures included vowel points-marks above, inside, or below the consonants-for easier reading. Ancient Hebrew even lacked written vowels.
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Many ancient languages were written without punctuation marks, including Hebrew and Greek, the original languages used to compose the Bible. An example is the statement “My favorite things are cooking my friends and family” rather than “My favorite things are cooking, my friends, and family.” The addition of commas makes a great difference in how we perceive you and your favorite things. Punctuation can have a significant impact on the meaning of a sentence. However, the symbols do affect where the person pauses and what vocal inflections he uses. A person reading a sentence aloud does not make any noticeable sounds corresponding to those particular symbols. For the most part, punctuation marks are not pronounced. These typographical symbols are used to clarify the meaning of written information. Modern languages generally use punctuation marks.